Chapter 4, Part 1 · Art. 21

Implementation of rights and fundamental freedoms

It is the duty of the State and every State organ to respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights.
Art. 21(1)
(1) It is a fundamental duty of the State and every State organ to observe, respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights and fundamental freedoms in the Bill of Rights.
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The State must take steps, including setting standards, to realise economic and social rights progressively.
Art. 21(2)
(2) The State shall take legislative, policy and other measures, including the setting of standards, to achieve the progressive realisation of the rights guaranteed under Article 43.
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State organs and public officers must address the needs of vulnerable groups, including women, older persons, persons with disabilities, children, youth, minorities and marginalised communities.
Art. 21(3)
(3) All State organs and all public officers have the duty to address the needs of vulnerable groups within society, including women, older members of society, persons with disabilities, children, youth, members of minority or marginalised communities, and members of particular ethnic, religious or cultural communities.
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